O que pensam os mineiros sobre a Vale???

Publicado em   19/mar/2011
por  Caio Hostilio

Recebi um email de Carlos Serra, um mineiro de Belo Horizonte muito revoltado com a Vale e diz que todos os seus conterrâneos já não querem mais a Companhia em terras de Minas Gerais. Ele e seu grupo elencaram suas posições sobre a companhia que foi vendida a preço de banana:

1) Privatização: A Privatização da então Companhia Vale do Rio Doce foi cercada de questões ilícitas e vem sendo questionada por inúmeras ações judiciais. Apontamos algumas irregularidades na privatização: o BRADESCO participou do consórcio de avaliação da venda da CVRD, montou o edital de venda da companhia e mais tarde tornou-se um de seus controladores (o que é proibido por lei). O atual presidente da empresa, Roger Agnelli, dirigiu o Bradesco por 20 anos. Foram demitidos 11 mil trabalhadores no processo de privatização. Além disso, a CVRD foi vendida por um preço irrisório de R$ 3,3 bilhões perto do patrimônio da empresa e do seu valor estratégico para o país. A VALE é um complexo econômico de 64 empresas. É a 2°maior mineradora do mundo, 1° produtora de ferro do mundo, maior do mundo em variedades minerais, está presente em 13 estados brasileiros e uma área de 23 milhões de hec sob esse domínio territorial está incalculável riqueza em minérios, biodiversidade e água. Podemos mensurar o quão criminoso foi a privatização apontando que hoje a VALE lucra, em média, por ano 6 vezes seu valor de venda.

2) Questão Energética: A VALE consome 5% de toda a energia produzida pelo país. Possui inúmeras hidrelétricas e algumas distribuidoras de energia. Acaba de fechar um contrato com distribuidoras de energia para pagar R$ 3,3 por cada 100kwatt/h, cerca de 20 vezes menos do que pagamos em nossas casas em Minas Gerais.

3) Influencia Política: A VALE tem, pela sua envergadura econômica, grande influência política. Financiou a campanha de candidatos aos diversos cargos. Cerca de 40 deputados foram financiados pela VALE e defendem seus interesses no congresso nacional. O governador do estado, Aécio Neves, teve 40% de sua campanha financiada pela empresa. A influencia política da VALE garante à empresa o silêncio do Estado em relação aos crimes sociais, trabalhistas, tributários e ambientais cometidos pela empresa, garante benefícios econômicos como o empréstimo recém aprovado pelo BNDES à empresa de R$ 7,3 bi a pagar em 40 anos sob juros irrisórios. A VALE tem ainda a seu favor a parcialidade da justiça que de forma morosa tem arrastado os diversos processos que questionam a vergonhosa privatização da empresa.

4) Questão Tributária: Os tributos pagos pela VALE são irrisórios perto dos lucros da empresa. A empresa é beneficiada pela lei Kandir que determinada à isenção do ICMS (18%). Os royalties (CFEM) pagos pelo setor somam em média 1% do lucro líquido das empresas. Em 2007 quando as exportações do setor, em MG, somaram R$ 16 bilhões foram pagos apenas R$ 153 milhões em royalties. Como se não bastassem às isenções e as baixas taxações, o setor de mineração e a VALE em especial tem dívidas com o Estado, principalmente com os municípios por sonegação da CFEM.

5) Impactos ambientais: Nos locais de exploração mineral a regra é o desmatamento, destruição e poluição de nascentes d’água, poluição e degradação do solo e poluição do ar. Em Itabira o ar tem o mesmo grau de poluição que a cidade de São Paulo. Há a construção de barragens que contêm os rejeitos da mineração, os rejeitos provem da lavagem e beneficiamento do minério e alguns são altamente tóxicos. Além disso, a cada dia ampliam-se as monoculturas de eucalipto, que expulsam os trabalhadores rurais de suas terras e destroem o meio ambiente. O eucalipto é usado nas carvoarias e sustenta a siderurgia, elo importante da cadeia produtiva mineral. As monoculturas de eucalipto, cana, soja entre outras são responsáveis diretas pela crise alimentar que ameaça nosso país e o mundo. A VALE promete plantar 345 milhões de arvores de eucalipto até 2015.

6) Impactos Sociais: A propaganda de geração de empregos feita pelas empresas, nas áreas de mineração, gera um fenômeno de atração de pessoas, gerando aglomerados populacionais desprovidos de serviços básicos. Desemprego, prostituição de mulheres e crianças, violência, alcoolismo e problemas de saúde são generalizados nas regiões mineradoras e tem proporções incalculáveis.

  Publicado em: Governo

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